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16–26 Jul 2022
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Scientific Programme

Snowmass is a scientific study. It provides an opportunity for the entire particle physics community to come together to identify and document a scientific vision for the future of particle physics in the U.S. and its international partners. Snowmass will define the most important questions for the field of particle physics and identify promising opportunities to address them.

To learn more details: https://snowmass21.org

  • ENERGY FRONTIER

    The Energy Frontier (EF) group will explore the TeV energy scale and beyond. Our sharply focussed agenda includes understanding the heaviest particles of the Standard Model (SM), as well as exploring physics beyond the SM to discover new particles and interactions, including unraveling the mystery of dark matter. In this context, the EF group will carry out (and compile) detailed studies of Electroweak (EW) physics, QCD and strong interactions, and Beyond-Standard-Model (BSM) physics under different future accelerator scenarios, including lepton-lepton, hadron-hadron, and lepton-hadron colliders.

    • EW Physics: Higgs Boson properties and couplings

      EF01
    • EW Physics: Higgs Boson as a portal to new physics

      EF02
    • EW Physics: Heavy flavor and top quark physics

      EF03
    • EW Physics: EW Precision Physics and constraining new physics

      EF04
    • QCD and strong interactions:Precision QCD

      EF05
    • QCD and strong interactions:Hadronic structure and forward QCD

      EF06
    • QCD and strong interactions: Heavy Ions

      EF07
    • BSM: Model specific explorations

      EF08
    • BSM: More general explorations

      EF09
    • BSM: Dark Matter at colliders

      EF10
  • Neutrino Physics Frontier

    This Frontier covers topics relevant to physics associated with neutrinos.

    • Neutrino Oscillations

      NF01
    • Understanding Experimental Neutrino Anomalies

      NF02
    • BSM

      NF03
    • Neutrinos from natural sources

      NF04
    • Neutrino properties

      NF05
    • Neutrino Interaction Cross Sections

      NF06
    • Applications

      NF07
    • Theory of Neutrino Physics

      NF08
    • Artificial Neutrino Sources

      NF09
    • Neutrino Detectors

      NF10
  • Rare Processes and Precision

    The Frontier for Rare Processes and Precision Measurements explores fundamental physics with intense sources and ultra-sensitive detectors. It encompasses seeking tiny deviations from Standard Model expectations in properties and transitions of elementary particle and searches for extremely rare processes. The Frontier for Rare Processes and Precision Measurements experiments use precision measurements to probe quantum effects and employ sophisticated theoretical techniques for their interpretations. These experiments typically investigate new laws of physics that manifest themselves at higher energies or weaker interactions than those directly accessible at high-energy particle accelerators. These experiments require the greatest possible beam intensities of electrons, muons, photons or hadrons, as well as large detectors, which provide an opportunity for substantial new discoveries complementary to other Frontier experiments.

    Please follow the links to the Topical Groups below to learn about specific topics, experiments, and theoretical methods employed in the Frontier for Rare Processes and Precision Measurements.

    • Weak decays of b and c quarks

      RF01
    • Weak decays of strange and light quarks

      RF02
    • Fundamental Physics in Small Experiments

      RF03
    • Baryon and Lepton Number Violating Processes

      RF04
    • Charged Lepton Flavor Violation (electrons, muons and taus)

      RF05
    • Dark Sector Studies at High Intensities

      RF06
    • Hadron Spectroscopy

      RF07
  • Cosmic Frontier

    The Cosmic frontier includes probes of the fundamental nature of dark matter and dark energy, and opportunities using astrophysical and cosmological data to learn about fundamental physics.

    • Dark Matter: Particle-like

      CF01
    • Dark Matter: Wave-like

      CF02
    • Dark Matter: Cosmic Probes

      CF03
    • Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration: The Modern Universe

      CF04
    • Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration: Cosmic Dawn and Before

      CF05
    • Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration: Complementarity of Probes and New Facilities

      CF06
    • Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics

      CF07
  • Theory Frontier

    The goal of the Theory Frontier is to articulate the recent advances and future opportunities in all aspects of theory relevant to HEP, including particle theory, formal/string theory, cosmological and astro-particle theory, and quantum information science. As a cross-cutting frontier, the Theory Frontier is also charged with coordinating theory-related activities with the other frontiers in topics of overlapping interest.

    • String theory, quantum gravity, black holes

      TF01
    • Effective field theory techniques

      TF02
    • CFT and formal QFT

      TF03
    • Scattering amplitudes

      TF04
    • Lattice gauge theory

      TF05
    • Theory techniques for precision physics

      TF06
    • Collider phenomenology

      TF07
    • BSM model building

      TF08
    • Astro-particle physics & cosmology

      TF09
    • Quantum Information Science

      TF10
    • Theory of neutrino physics

      TF11
  • Accelerator Frontier

    The Accelerator Frontier activities include discussions on high-energy hadron and lepton colliders, high-intensity beams for neutrino research and for the “Physics Beyond Colliders”, accelerator technologies, science, education and outreach as well as the progress of core accelerator technology, including RF, magnets, targets and sources.

    • Beam Physics and Accelerator Education

      AF01
    • Accelerators for Neutrinos

      AF02
    • Accelerators for EW/Higgs

      AF03
    • Multi-TeV Colliders

      AF04
    • Accelerators for PBC and Rare Processes

      AF05
    • Advanced Accelerator Concepts

      AF06
    • Accelerator Technology R&D

      AF07
  • Instrumentation Frontier

    The Instrumentation Frontier group is geared to discussing detector technologies and R&D needed for future experiments in collider physics, neutrino physics, intensity physics and at the cosmic frontier. It is divided into more or less diagonal sub-groups with some overlap among a few of them. The sub-groups are Calorimetry, Cross Cutting and Systems Integration, Electronics/ASICs, Micro Pattern Gas Detectors, Noble Elements, Photon Detectors, Quantum Sensors, Solid State Detectors and Tracking, and Trigger and DAQ. Synergies between the different sub-groups, as well as with other Frontier groups and research areas outside of HEP will be paid close attention to.

    • Quantum Sensors

      IF01
    • Photon Detectors

      IF02
    • Solid State Detectors and Tracking

      IF03
    • Trigger and DAQ

      IF04
    • Micro Pattern Gas Detectors (MPGDs)

      IF05
    • Calorimetry

      IF06
    • Electronics/ASICs

      IF07
    • Noble Elements

      IF08
    • Cross Cutting and Systems Integration

      IF09
    • Radio Detection

      IF10
  • Computational Frontier

    Software and Computing are an integral part of the science process. High Energy Physics traditionally had the largest computing resource needs and subsequently most complex software stack in science. This is not true anymore, with many other science domains predicting equal or larger resource needs. The Computational Frontier will assess the software and computing needs of the High Energy Physics community emphasizing common needs and common solutions across the frontiers. We want to gain an overall understanding of the community's needs and discuss common solutions to them in the context of current and future solutions from the HEP community, other science disciplines and industry solutions. Our focus is to facilitate discussions amongst all frontiers and don't separate them into individual groups.

    • Experimental Algorithm Parallelization

      CompF1
    • Theoretical Calculations and Simulation

      CompF2
    • Machine Learning

      CompF3
    • Storage and processing resource access (Facility and Infrastructure R&D)

      CompF4
    • End user analysis

      CompF5
    • Quantum computing

      CompF6
    • Reinterpretation and long-term preservation of data and code

      CompF7
  • Underground Facilities Frontiers

    This topic crosscuts several scientific Frontiers. Underground_Facilities_and_Infrastructure covers requirements for underground science to succeed, including underground lab development, low background methods, and interdisciplinary synergies.

    • Underground Facilities for Neutrinos

      UF01
    • Underground Facilities for Cosmic Frontier

      UF02
    • Underground Detectors

      UF03
    • Supporting Capabilities

      UF04
    • Synergistic Research

      UF05
    • An Integrated Strategy for Underground Facilities and Infrastructure

      UF06
  • Community Engagement Frontier

    The Community Engagement Frontier consists of several topical groups, namely applications, career pipeline and development, diversity and inclusion, physics education, public education and outreach, and public policy and government engagement. The objective is to improve and sustain strategic engagements with our communities in order to draw support for and strengthen the field of particle physics, while playing key roles in serving those communities. These engagements take well-coordinated efforts in many areas where the communities of experts and non-experts can understand and communicate our field’s value, maximize its impact on global socioeconomic development, and open its doors to broader participation. The efforts aim to support and encourage practical applications of research in particle physics and technology transfers to industries, career development and job opportunities for graduates and young physicists, encouragement and inclusion of diverse physicists reflecting the diversity in our communities, improvement in physics education to produce talented and qualified students, outreach to motivate pupils and students, and to communicate the essence and impact of physics research, and finally engagement with governments and policymakers in matters of education and research for continued funding supports.

    • Applications & Industry

      CommF1
    • Career Pipeline & Development

      CommF2
    • Diversity & Inclusion

      CommF3
    • Physics Education

      CommF4
    • Public Education & Outreach

      CommF5
    • Public Policy and Government Engagement

      CommF6
    • Environmental and Societal Impacts

      CommF7