Welcome to the MMTE workshop and event logistics
The aim of this talk is to set the stage for the neutrino tomography workshop and to provide basic information about the properties of atmospheric neutrinos. I will present a pedagogical overview on atmospheric neutrinos, their history, and briefly review their current use in the study of neutrino oscillation.
Earthquakes, ocean waves, and human activity produce seismic waves that travel through the Earth, carrying with them information about variations in elastic properties and density. Since pioneering efforts in the late 1970s, global seismic tomography has revealed structures in our planet's deep interior at increasingly greater detail. Here, I present recent progress in determining Earth's...
The world largest neutrino observatory IceCube, located at the South Pole, is collecting high-energy neutrino events for over 10 years, and has observed a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux since 2013. While the main aim is searching for extra-terrestrial neutrinos, the collected data contains a large sample of atmospheric neutrino interactions as background events. Using our understanding of the...
Hydrogen is a strongly siderophile (iron-loving) element under typical conditions of Earth’s core formation (40–50 GPa, ~3500 K); its metal/silicate partition coefficient D(H) (metal/silicate) = ~50 by weight (Tagawa et al., 2021 Nat. Commun.). Considering the amount of H2O in the mantle and oceans, such high D(H) (metal/silicate) suggests 0.3–0.6 wt% H in the core, which accounts for...
In the last decade IceCube has opened a new window on the Universe using neutrinos as astronomical messengers. The instrument detects more than 100,000 neutrinos per year in the GeV to 10,000 TeV energy range. IceCube and similar detectors now under construction or at the concept stage, will perform neutrino physics with high statistics samples of atmospheric neutrinos and with the beam of...
Using PREM as a reference model for the
Earth density distribution we present results on
the sensitivity of ORCA detector to deviations of the Earth
i) outer core (OC) density, ii) inner core (IC) density,
iii) total core density, and iv) mantle density,
from their respective PREM densities.
The results are obtained in EPJ C82 (2022) 461
by studying the effects of the Earth matter
on...
Seismic imaging of the structure of Earth’s inner core remains a challenging topic. The inner core occupies < 1% of Earth’s volume and the few seismic waves that do sample it can be significantly influenced by heterogeneities in the overlying crust and mantle. Furthermore, the seismic sources and receivers used in imaging the inner core are located at or near (< 700 km depth) Earth’s surface...
The core-mantle boundary (CMB) region is both a compositional and thermal boundary layer with the largest density contrast anywhere in the planet. As a result, the structures found within the lowermost mantle are as complex as those found on the Earth’s surface. In this presentation we review the major features that have been identified from seismological studies. We review features at (1)...
The neutrino oscillation probability depends on the electron density of the media and next generation neutrino detector will have the capability to resolve the earth's electron density distribution with some accuracy.
If we combine the earth's matter density distribution and electron density distribution, then we can obtain the average chemical compositional distribution as Z/A ratio. Also...
The Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector at the proposed India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) aims to detect atmospheric neutrinos and antineutrinos separately in the multi-GeV range of energies and over a wide range of baselines. By utilizing its charge identification capability, ICAL can efficiently distinguish $\mu^-$ and $\mu^+$ events. Atmospheric neutrinos passing long distances through...
Earth's core plays a fundamental role in the evolution and habitability of our planet. Understanding its composition is key to interpreting the history of Earth's accretion. The density model suggests that the Earth's core is predominantly composed of iron (or iron-nickel alloy) with several percent of light elements, such as Si, S, C, O, and H, but their abundances in the Earth's core remain...
Neutrinos change flavor as they travel, and this probability depends on the density of electrons in the material they are traveling through. So, we can use neutrinos produced in the atmosphere by cosmic rays to tell us about the density of electrons in the Earth. In this talk, I will present our simulations of this phenomenon that we did in determining the sensitivity of the Deep Underground...
This talk will show how the Earth's density profile can be measured in the DUNE experiment using atmospheric neutrinos. After crossing the Earth, neutrinos give us access to a rich oscillation phenomenology that strongly depends on the matter potential sourced by the Earth. By performing a detailed simulation of the event reconstruction capabilities of liquid argon time projection chambers,...
In the T2K experiment, new detectors are going to be installed to the near detector.
Super-FGD is one of them and a tracker which consists of 2 millions plastic scintillator cubes.
60 thousands wave length shifting fibers will be inserted to the cubes to lead scintillation light and it will be detected by SiPMs.
I will report the procedure to construct and install this detector.
The...
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, located near Delta, Utah, USA, is the largest ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observatory in the northern hemisphere. When a UHECR primary particle arrives at the Earth, it collides with the atmosphere and produces a cascade of secondary particles known as an extensive air shower (EAS). The Telescope Array is designed to observe the EAS using a hybrid...
An optical Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is proposed for future neutrino experiments. Its excellent particle detection momentum threshold, together with cost-effective scale-up prospects, make the TPC a strong candidate for reducing systematic errors due to neutrino-nucleus interactions.
In order to produce a high number of photons, the TPC is equipped with a thick gaseous electron multiplier...
The MicroBooNE detector is a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) with an 85 ton active mass that receives flux from the Booster Neutrino and the Neutrinos from the Main Injector (NuMI) beams, providing excellent spatial resolution of the reconstructed final state particles. Since 2015 MicroBooNE has accumulated many neutrino and anti-neutrino scattering events with argon nuclei...
The Mu2e experiment uses a cylindrical straw tube tracker operated in vacuum to provide a high precision momentum measurement of 105 MeV/c electrons that are the signal of charged lepton flavor violating (CLFV) muon to electron conversion. The tracker is instrumented with custom front-end electronics based on PolarFire FPGAs that sit at the outer radius of the tracker. Each straw is read out...
The JSNS2 experiment aims to search for the existence of sterile neutrino oscillations with deltam2 near 1eV2 at J-PARC MLF. A 1MW beam of 3 GeV protons incident on a spallation neutron target produces an intense neutrino beam from muon decay at rest. The experiment will search for muon antineutrino to electron antineutrino oscillations which can be detected by the inverse beta decay...
The constituents of dark matter are still unknown, and the viable possibilities span a very large mass range. The scenario where dark matter originates from thermal contact with familiar matter in the early Universe requires the DM mass to lie within about an MeV to 100 TeV. Considerable experimental attention has been given to exploring Weakly Interacting Massive Particles in the upper end of...
The MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) experiment is pursuing a broad range of neutrino physics measurements, including some of the first high-statistics results for neutrino-argon scattering cross sections. At the neutrino energies relevant for MicroBooNE and its companion experiments in the Fermilab Short-Baseline Neutrino program, the dominant event topology involves...
Proceedings, Conference Tours, ...
Three mysteries stand after the discovery of the Higgs boson: (i) the origin of the masses of the neutrinos; (ii) the origin of the baryon asymmetry in the universe; and (iii) the nature of dark matter. The FCC-ee provides an exciting opportunity to resolve these mysteries with the discovery of heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), in particular using the large sample (5.10^12) Z bosons produced in...
We report on the MEG II experiment, a search for the charged lepton flavor violating (CLFV) decay $\mu^{+} \rightarrow e^{+} \gamma$. The experiment is designed to improve upon the previous most sensitive search, done by the MEG experiment, by an order of magnitude: a sensitivity of $4.2 \cdot 10^{−13} \rightarrow 6 \cdot 10^{−14}$ at the 90% confidence level. The positron and photon...
Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) consists of a large Water Cherenkov detector, far detector (FD), and neutrino beam line, J-PARC. The FD is under construction now, and will be equipped with 20,000 PMTs whose diameter is 20 inch. It is improved and has twice better performance than that of Super-Kamiokande detector. For the 20 inch PMTs, we have been developing several types of readout electronics. They...
The PIP-II and DUNE/LBNF projects will constitute a 1.2 MW long-baseline neutrino facility at Fermilab. The DUNE/LBNF Phase II calls for a 2.4 MW proton power upgrade, and this talk will outline one compelling path towards achieving that benchmark and also provides a robust experimental program at other energies. The proposed facility include a CW-capable 2GeV linac, a 2 GeV 0.5-2 MW pulsed...
In accordance with the WG subject, we are concerned with the fundamental question of the number of neutrino species existing in nature. We report on a theoretical description of the mixing space based on singular values, contractions, and dilation procedures. With a bird’s eye perspective, it provides an independent way of doing neutrino mixing analysis allowing for quantitative searches of...
Being an accidental symmetry in the Standard Model (SM), the conservation of lepton flavour is violated in many extensions of the SM. There is a global effort to search for lepton flavour violation (LFV) at high intensity muon sources to which the upcoming Mu3e experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) will contribute.
The Mu3e Collaboration aims to perform a background-free search...
The construction of the next-generation far detector Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) has started. It will have ten times larger fiducial volume and increased detection performances. The data taking is planned for 2027. Time stability is crucial, as detecting physics events relies on reconstructing Cherenkov rings based on the coincidence between the photomultipliers. The above requires a timebase jitter...
The high statistics and excellent resolution capabilities of DUNE's $^{40}$Ar detector will allow us to make precise studies about phenomena that have, until now, seemed too complex to measure, like tau neutrinos $(\nu_{\tau})$ detection and therefore, provide a completion of the 3-flavor neutrino paradigm. Quasi-elastic scattering (QE), $\Delta$ resonance production (RES), and deep inelastic...
We look at the PMTs, bases, and digitizers for the IceCube Observatory: the original installed IceCube Gen1 modules, the under-construction IceCube Upgrade modules, and the proposed IceCube Gen2 modules. Will also look at the proposed solutions for the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO). Of particular interest is the customization of tubes at the factory, and a powerful...
Simulation plays a critical role in neutrino experiments. But for a variety of reasons no simulation is perfect, and experiments must confront discrepancies between simulated predictions and their own measurements and observations. This inevitably leads to the need to tune the simulation in order to obtain robust and reasonable systematic uncertainties in analyses. In this talk I give an...
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an upcoming neutrino physics experiment that will answer some of the most compelling questions in particle physics and cosmology. The DUNE Far Detector (FD) exploits silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to detect scintillation photons produced by the interaction of charged particles in the liquid Argon time projection chamber (LArTPC).
The SiPMs...
The main source of systematic uncertainty on neutrino cross section measurements at the GeV scale originates from the poor knowledge of the initial flux. The goal of cutting down this uncertainty to 1% can be achieved through the monitoring of charged leptons produced in association with neutrinos, by properly instrumenting the decay region of a conventional narrow-band neutrino beam. Large...
The AlCap experiment recently published its first results on the yields and energy spectra of heavy particles emitted after the nuclear muon capture process. These detailed measurements quantify an important hit background to the Mu2e and COMET experiments, which will search for charged lepton flavor violation. These results greatly expand the literature in this area with first measurements on...
The JSNS2 experiment aims to search for the existence of sterile neutrino oscillations with deltam2 near 1eV2 at J-PARC MLF. A 1MW beam of 3 GeV protons incident on a spallation neutron target produces an intense neutrino beam from muon decay at rest. The experiment will search for muon antineutrino to electron antineutrino oscillations which can be detected by the inverse beta decay...
The ICARUS collaboration employed the 760-ton T600 detector in a successful three-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratories studying neutrino oscillations with the CNGS neutrino beam from CERN, and searching for atmospheric neutrino interactions. ICARUS performed a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous νe appearance in the CNGS beam, which contributed to the constraints on the...
The Light Dark Matter eXperiment (LDMX) is a proposed small-scale accelerator experiment designed to search for dark matter using missing energy and momentum techniques from multi-GeV electro-nuclear interactions. In order to detect and veto against energy losses from standard electro-nuclear scattering processes, the detector design features charged particle tracking and hermetic calorimetry...
The one of an experiment to search for the charged lepton flavor violating process, muon-electron conversion in a nuclear field , DeeMe, is being prepared at the J-PARC MLF H-line in Japan. This experiment utilizes a pulsed proton beam from the Rapid Cycle Synchrotron (RCS). A graphite target is bombarded with a pulsed proton beam and negative pion production and pion-in-flight-decay to...
An optical Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is proposed for future neutrino experiments. Its excellent particle detection momentum threshold, together with cost-effective scale-up prospects, make the TPC a strong candidate for reducing systematic errors due to neutrino-nucleus interactions.
In order to produce a high number of photons, the TPC is equipped with a thick gaseous electron multiplier...
In the T2K experiment, new detectors are going to be installed to the near detector.
Super-FGD is one of them and a tracker which consists of 2 millions plastic scintillator cubes.
60 thousands wave length shifting fibers will be inserted to the cubes to lead scintillation light and it will be detected by SiPMs.
I will report the procedure to construct and install this detector.
The...
Various short-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments have yielded unexpected results, which hint at the existence of light sterile neutrinos. IceCube has performed a unique search for sterile neutrinos by exploiting matter-enhanced resonant oscillations, which can be probed using atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV energy regime. The analysis uses the world’s largest sample...
The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, located near Delta, Utah, USA, is the largest ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) observatory in the northern hemisphere. When a UHECR primary particle arrives at the Earth, it collides with the atmosphere and produces a cascade of secondary particles known as an extensive air shower (EAS). The Telescope Array is designed to observe the EAS using a hybrid...
State-of-the-art predictions of accelerator-based neutrino fluxes have uncertainties ranging from 5-15%, dominated by hadron production uncertainties. The EMPHATIC Collaboration has proposed a unique, compact spectrometer to measure hadron-scattering and hadron-production cross sections that are needed to reduce neutrino flux uncertainties for current and future neutrino experiments to the...
Muon to electron conversion, an example of charged lepton flavour violation (CLFV), provides a clear experimental probe into new physics beyond the Standard Model. The COMET experiment at J-PARC will use the highest intensity muon beam to search for muon to electron conversion using a staged approach, with sensitivity levels in reach of many new physics models. With a single event sensitivity...
NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino experiment optimised for studying neutrino oscillations in the NuMI beam. The experiment consists of two functionally identical liquid scintillator detectors at baselines of 1km and 810km, with the latter placed 14.6 mrad from the beam’s central axis.
This talk summarises beyond-standard-model neutrino oscillation results from NOvA, including the recent...
A high-energy muon collider could be the most powerful and cost-effective collider approach in the multi-TeV regime, and a neutrino source based on decay of an intense muon beam would be ideal for measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters. Muon beams may be created through the decay of pions produced in the interaction of a proton beam with a target. The muons are subsequently accelerated...
We point out that the production of new bosons by charged meson decays can greatly enhance the sensitivity of beam-focused accelerator-based experiments to new physics signals. This enhancement arises since the charged mesons are focused and their three-body decays do not suffer from helicity suppression in the same way as their usual two-body decays. As a realistic application, we attempt to...
The hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) is one of the main contributors to the total uncertainty in the theoretical prediction of the muon $g - 2$. The HVP term is historically obtained from a data-driven calculation based on a dispersive approach from time-like processes. To improve the theoretical prediction of HVP, in parallel to the lattice communities' effort to obtain HVP by space-like...
The Short Baseline Near Detector (SBND), a 112-ton liquid argon time projection chamber, is the near detector of the Short Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab. SBND has the characteristic of being remarkably close (110 m) to the neutrino source and not perfectly aligned with the neutrino beamline, in such a way that the detector is traversed by neutrinos coming from different angles with...
For over a decade, the LGBTQ+ CERN group has pushed to make CERN a better place for LGBTQ+ people. We interact with CERN management on issues of importance to our community, work to create a welcoming environment for LGBTQ+ people at CERN, make connections with other LGBTQ+ organizations in Geneva, and reach out to the broader CERN community. In this talk, I will discuss what we have...
The Forward Physics Facility (FPF) at the LHC will detect neutrinos
produced in proton collisions. In addition to neutrinos from pion
and kaon decays, there will be significant contribution,
particularly for $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\tau$ flavors, from decay
of charmed mesons. We present our predictions for the neutrino
flux from charm decays as evaluated in different QCD approaches:
the...
T2K is a long baseline neutrino experiment which exploits a neutrino and antineutrino beam at JPARC to perform precision measurements of atmospheric parameters $\Delta m^{2}_{32}$, $\sin^2(\theta_{23})$ and to provide 3$\sigma$ exclusion for some intervals of the CP-violating phase $\delta_{CP}$.
The latest results of the measurement of oscillation parameters will be presented, the main...
Neutrino oscillation physics has now entered the precision era. In parallel with needing larger detectors to collect more data, future experiments further require a significant reduction of systematic uncertainties with respect to what is currently available. In the neutrino oscillation measurements from the T2K experiment, the systematic uncertainties related to neutrino interaction cross...
Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are hot topics across all STEM fields. As we collectively work to address DEI concerns in our departments, institutions, and professions, what are tools and strategies we can use to intentionally center equity in our teaching, research, and work? This session will set a foundation of how identity-based inequities manifest in physics & STEM education, on...
The NuMI target facility at Fermilab produces an intense muon neutrino beam for NOvA (NuMI Off-axis $\nu_e$ Appearance) long baseline neutrino experiment. Three arrays of muon monitors located in the downstream of the hadron absorber in the NuMI beamline provide the measurements of the primary beam and horn current quality. We have studied the response of muon monitors with the proton beam...
We propose a new possibility of using the coherently enhanced neutrino pair emission to probe light-mediator interactions between electron and neutrinos. With typical momentum transfer at the atomic $\mathcal O(1$\,eV) scale, this process is extremely sensitive for the mediator mass range $\mathcal O(10^{-3} \sim 10^4$)\,eV. The sensitivity on the product of couplings with electron ($g^e$ or...
First results from the Fermilab Muon $g-2$ experiment were announced in 2021. The muon’s anomalous magnetic moment $a_{\mu}$ was measured to an unprecedented $460 \text{ ppb}$ precision, and the result is in agreement with the previous Brookhaven National Lab measurement. The $4.2 \sigma$ tension between the combined experimental result and the Standard Model theoretical prediction suggests...
Long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments rely on detailed models of neutrino interactions on nuclei. These models constitute an important source of systematic uncertainty, partially because detectors to date have been blind to final state neutrons. Three-dimensional projection scintillator trackers comprise components of the near detector of the next generation long-baseline neutrino...
I discuss predictions for signals of some dark sector models at the Fermilab Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) experiments. I consider prospects for both inelastic dark matter models and Higgs portal mediator models. I demonstrate that new parameter space for both models can be probed in the near future. I discuss new simulation and analysis strategies, the latter including machine learning...
The NA62 experiment at CERN collected world's largest dataset of charged kaon decays in 2016-2018, leading to the first observation of the ultra-rare K+ --> pi+ nu nu decay based on 20 candidates. Dedicated trigger lines were employed for collection of di-lepton final states, which allowed establishing stringent upper limits on the rates lepton flavor and lepton number violating kaon decays....
We report on a phenomenological analysis of all available electron scattering data on carbon (about 8000 differential cross section measurements) and oxygen at all values of q. The QE cross section is modeled within the framework of the superscaling model (including Pauli blocking). In addition to the expected enhancement of the transverse QE response function we find that at low values of...
MicroBooNE data of charged current inclusive neutrino cross sections on argon as a function of different kinematical variables have recently appeared. We compare these data to our theoretical calculations after a brief review of our RPA model and of its successful predictions for the MiniBooNE and T2K cross sections on carbon. Overall we find an agreement with MicroBooNE data in spite of a...
The growing evidence of lepton-flavour-universality violation in B-meson decays is one of the most interesting hints for physics beyond the Standard Model that may be reachable at the Large Hadron Collider. In addition, the observation of lepton flavor violation (LVF) would be a smoking gun for the presence of physics beyond the Standard Model Consequently, a broad program of measurements and...
Lorentz violation and non-standard interactions are two of the most popular scenarios beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, both of which can affect neutrino oscillations significantly. However, these effects can mimic each other, and it would be difficult to distinguish between them in any fixed-baseline neutrino experiment. We show that atmospheric neutrinos, having access to a wide...
The description of final-state interactions (FSI) in the large phase space probed in neutrino experiments poses a great challenge. In neutrino experiments, which operate under semi-inclusive conditions, cascade models are commonly used for this task, while under exclusive conditions FSI can be treated with relativistic optical potentials (ROP). We formulate conditions under which the ROP...
Super-Kamiokande has observed boron-8 solar neutrino recoil electrons at kinetic energies as low as 3.49 MeV to study neutrino flavor conversion within the sun. At SK-observable energies, these conversions are dominated by the Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein effect. An upturn in the electron survival probability in which vacuum neutrino oscillations become dominant is predicted to occur at lower...
Nuclear effects in neutrino-nucleus scattering are one of the main sources of uncertainty in the analysis of neutrino oscillation experiments. Due to the extended neutrino energy distribution (flux), very different reaction mechanisms contribute to the cross section at the same time. Measurements of muon momentum in CC0$\pi$ events are very important for experiments like T2K, where most of the...
The T2K experiment is a neutrino oscillation experiment running at J-PARC. In order to increase the statistics of neutrino data and improve the sensitivity to CP violation, upgrade of the neutrino beam is currently ongoing. The repetition cycle will be shortened from 2.48s to 1.16s and the number of protons in each pulse will be increased. With these upgrades, the beam intensity will be...
The ProtoDUNE-SP Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber is the prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). Convolutional Neural Networks have been developed and employed in the analysis of scientific data from ProtoDUNE, which exploits the high-resolution images and the fine details that the detector can capture. Despite these advantages, the...
Tests of lepton flavour universality are particularly sensitive to the presence of physics beyond the Standard Model. Recent results and future prospects with semileptonic and rare heavy flavour decays at the LHCb experiment are presented.
The recent evidence for coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE\nuνNS) in the NCC-1701 germanium detector using antineutrinos from the Dresden-II nuclear reactor is in good agreement with standard model expectations. However, we show that a 2σ improvement in the fit to the data can be achieved if the quenching factor is described by a modified Lindhard model with a negative value of...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the most powerful neutron source in the world. This facility offers a unique opportunity for studying fundamental physics, in particular the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe thanks to the development of a very intense neutrino superbeam. The ESS neutrino Super-Beam project proposes an accelerator complex, complimentary to the existing...
The discovery of the phenomena of neutrino oscillations have opened a new window to probe physics beyond Standard Model (SM). In this precision era of neutrino physics, experiments around the world are trying to measure the oscillations parameters with ever increasing accuracy. This makes the ongoing and proposed neutrino experiments sensitive to the subdominant effects of neutrinos like Non...
We present a global analysis of neutrino DIS cross-sections in the framework of nuclear parton distribution functions (PDFs). In our previous analysis (circa 2011), we concluded that some neutrino DIS data, particularly from the NuTeV experiment, were incompatible with the remaining nuclear scattering data. We have now performed a follow-up analysis that improves the previous study in many...
Muon to electron conversion in a muonic atom is an excellent laboratory to search for
charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV). Its discovery would be a clear signal of physics beyond the
Standard Model (BSM). In order to further improve the experiments by an additional factor of 100 in sensitivity beyond the current generation ones and study
potential signals, the use of a Fixed-Field...
Accurate neutrino cross-section measurements are required for precise measurements of neutrino oscillation physics such as CP-violation and the ordering of the neutrino masses. In this talk, I will give an overview of neutrino cross section measurements with NuMI neutrino beam, specifically neutrino cross sections from MINERvA experiment and prospects of neutrino-Argon cross-section...
Photon detection systems (PDS) are an integral part of liquid-argon neutrino detectors. Besides providing the timing information for an event, which is necessary for reconstructing the drift coordinate of ionizing particle tracks, photon detectors can be effectively used for other purposes including triggering events, background rejection, and calorimetric energy estimation. PDS in particular...
We present compact analytic expressions for neutrino propagation probabilities in matter, with invisible neutrino decay effects included. These will be directly relevant for long-baseline and reactor experiments.
The inclusion of decay leads to a non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian, with the Hermitian component corresponding to oscillation, and the anti-Hermitian component representing the...
The information about the Earth's interior structure comes from seismic studies and gravitational measurements. The Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) of the density of the Earth is obtained by measuring the travel time of seismic waves. Here, the density distribution inside the Earth is estimated from the model-dependent empirical relations having assumptions based on temperature,...
A high-power target system is a key beam element to complete future High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments but in the recent past, major accelerator facilities have been limited in beam power not by their accelerators, but by the beam intercepting device survivability. The target must then endure high power pulsed beam, leading to high cycle thermal stresses/pressures and thermal shocks. The...
We propose an evolution of the Mu2e experiment, called Mu2e-II, that would leverage advances in detector technology and utilize the increased proton intensity provided by the Fermilab PIP-II upgrade to improve the sensitivity for neutrinoless muon-to-electron conversion by one order of magnitude beyond the Mu2e experiment, providing the deepest probe of charged lepton flavor violation in the...
The GENIE neutrino event generator seeks to be a universal tool for simulating neutrino-nucleus scattering across the wide energy range of interest for current and future experiments. The international GENIE Collaboration maintains and continues to develop its software suite to meet the interaction modeling needs of a broad user community. Recent improvements to GENIE include implementation of...
We present a brief description of the Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) hardware trigger
system. The SBND experiment is a liquid argon neutrino detector that sits on the central axis of
the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB), located at Fermilab. The detector is currently being assembled
and is expected to start operating in 2023. Neutrinos delivered by the BNB will interact with liquid
argon...
The cubic-kilometre neutrino telescope (KM3NeT) is a deep-sea infrastructure composed of two neutrino telescopes, consisting of large-scale 3D-arrays of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) currently under construction on the Mediterranean seabed. The two telescopes are: ARCA, near Sicily in Italy, designed for neutrino astronomy and ORCA, near Toulon in France, designed for neutrino...
The nature of neutrinos, whether they are Dirac or Majorana particles, has been an open question for long time. In the case of two flavour mixing, the transition matrix is real in the case of Dirac neutrinos but it contains a phase $\phi$ in the case of Majorana neutrinos. This phase does not appear in neutrino oscillation probabilities for vacuum oscillations as well as for matter modified...
Optical readout of large scale dual-phase liquid Argon TPCs is an attractive and cost effective
alternative to charge readout. Following the successful demonstration of 3D optical readout with the ARIADNE 1-ton detector, the ARIADNE+ experiment was recently deployed using the protoDUNE “cold box” at the CERN neutrino platform imaging a much larger active region of
2m x 2m. ARIADNE+ uses 4...
The constituents of dark matter are still unknown, and the viable possibilities span a very large mass range. The scenario where dark matter originates from thermal contact with familiar matter in the early Universe requires the DM mass to lie within about an MeV to 100 TeV. Considerable experimental attention has been given to exploring Weakly Interacting Massive Particles in the upper end of...
MELODY at the China Neutron Spallation Source (CSNS) is the first muon beam that will be built in China for muon science. It will take part at the second phase of CSNS (II) and utilize 20 kW out of 500 kW of the proton beam at CSNS. Since 2021, the various components of the muon beam are under design. In this talk, a brief introduction of the overall design of MELODY at the high energy proton...
Kaon Decay-At-Rest (KDAR) provides a neutrino signal with well-known neutrino energy, which is an important probe for measuring the neutrino cross-section in an energy range that is otherwise difficult to access experimentally. The J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at the J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source (JSNS2) experiment is in a unique place for measuring monoenergetic neutrinos at 236 MeV from...
We propose a new approach to explore the neutral-current non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI) in atmospheric neutrino experiments using oscillation dips and valleys in reconstructed muon observables, at a detector like ICAL that can identify the muon charge. We focus on the flavor-changing NSI parameter $\varepsilon_{\mu\tau}$, which has the maximum impact on the muon survival probability...
The clockwork mechanism generates small neutrino masses which includes Dirac mass terms as well as Majorana mass terms for the new fermions with exponentially
suppressed interactions in theories which contain no small parameters at the fundamental
level. We work on a general description of the clockwork mechanism valid for
fermions. This mechanism can be implemented with a discrete
set of...
The T2K neutrino experiment in Japan obtained a first indication of CP violation in neutrino oscillations. To obtain better sensitivity, T2K will accumulate more statistics with a higher intensity beam and an upgraded of-axis near detector (ND280). It will allow us to reduce systematic uncertainties in oscillation measurements. The upgraded detector will have the full polar angle...
The muon anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) measurement by the Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL-E989) is consistent with a previous experiment by the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL-E821), with a deviation from the SM prediction of 4.2 standard deviations. This discrepancy could lead to the discovery of unknown particles, and a completely different approach from previous...
KM3NeT/ORCA is an underwater neutrino telescope which is currently being deployed in the Mediterranean Sea. Its geometry has been optimized for the study of neutrino oscillations using atmospheric neutrinos. In particular this will allow to measure the neutrino mass ordering as well as $\theta_{23}$ and $\Delta m^2_{31}$. The performance of ORCA with a 6 string configuration and one year of...
The MicroBooNE detector is a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) which recently finished recording neutrinos from both the Booster Neutrino Beam and the Neutrinos at the Main Injector beam at Fermilab. One of the primary physics goals of MicroBooNE is to make detailed measurements of neutrino-argon scattering cross sections, which are critical for the success of future neutrino...
We explore the connection between neutrino mass models and muon experiments, esp. those looking for charged lepton flavor violation.
The unique properties of neutrinos and the international efforts in the field of neutrino physics and neutrino astronomy have drawn significant public attention in recent years. How to successfully transform public interest into a driving force to promote Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, Education and Outreach (IDEEO) in fundamental science research relies on many tactical considerations. This...
The High-Angle Time Projection Chambers (HA-TPCs) are a new set of detectors that will equip the off-axis near detector (ND280) of the T2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. These detectors will be installed below and above a new Super Fine-Grained Scintillator detector (FGD) in 2023 as part of the upgrade of ND280.
The HATPCs operate at atmospheric pressure with the “T2K gas”...
Authors: T.Nyawelo, S.Braden, J.N.Matthews & J.Gerton
Refugee youth resettled in the United States experience two main barriers to long-term participation in STEM fields: (a) access to STEM skills and knowledge which is impacted by translocation and interrupted schooling, and (b) access to crafting positive learner identities in STEM as multilingual, multicultural, and multiracial youth....
One of the main physics goals of the MicroBooNE experiment at Fermilab is to perform high-statistics measurements of neutrino-argon interaction cross sections. These measurements will be essential for future neutrino oscillation experiments, including the Short-Baseline Neutrino program and the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), to achieve an unprecedented level of precision....
The neutrino mass ordering (NMO) is one of the last unmeasured fundamental parameters in the neutrino sector of the Standard Model of Particle Physics. NMO studies aim to answer the question of whether the neutrino mass ordering is normal (m3>m2>m1) or inverted (m2>m1>m3). IceCube is an ice-Cherenkov neutrino detector deployed greater than 1.5 kilometers below the surface of the South Pole....
The muon collider is an excellent prospect as a multi-TeV lepton collider, with the possibility for high luminosity and reach to 10 TeV or more. In order to realise such luminosity, high beam brightness is required. Ionisation cooling, which was demonstrated recently by the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE), is the technique proposed to realise sufficient brightness. MICE demonstrated...
To cope with the high event pile-up, the liquid argon time projection chamber of the near detector complex of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment relies on an innovative modular design featuring an advanced high-coverage photon detection system, a true 3D pixelated charge readout, and a low-profile resistive-shell field cage. The capabilities of this detector, including the performance of...
Since 1984 the Italian groups of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and Italian Universities, collaborating with Fermilab have been running a two-month summer training program for Italian university students. While in the first year the program involved only four physics students of the University of Pisa, in the following years it was extended to engineering students. This...
Neutrino oscillations are a very well established phenomenon and in the last two decades we have been able to determine almost all the oscillation parameters with few percents precision.
However, there is still room for the possibility of the presence of new physics effects. In this context, long-baseline (LBL) accelerator experiments provide a great environment to probe BSM (Beyond Standard...
Super-Kamiokande (SK) is the world's largest underground water Cherenkov detector which has been studying the atmospheric neutrino oscillations since 1996. Atmospheric neutrinos are famous for covering a wide energy range, have both neutrinos and antineutrinos, with electron and muon flavours, which oscillate to tau neutrinos and are sensitive for matter effects in the earth.
In this...
NEUT is a neutrino-nucleus interaction simulation. It can be used to simulate interactions for neutrinos with between 100 MeV and a few TeV of energy. NEUT is also capable of simulating hadron interactions within a nucleus and is used to model nucleon decay and hadron--nucleus interactions for particle propagation in detector simulations. This talk describes the range of interaction channels...
The Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC (NEXT) is an international collaboration searching for the ultra-rare neutrinoless double beta decay process with the xenon-136 isotope. The experimental programme in NEXT consists of a series of high-pressure gaseous xenon time projection chambers with the most recent experiment (NEXT-White) running from 2016 - 2021 consisting of 5 kg of xenon and...
We study the evolution of the lepton number for a $SU(2)$ doublet consisting of a massive neutrino and a charged lepton. By choosing a specific initial lepton family for a neutrino we can compute the evolution of all lepton family numbers. Our framework results in additional oscillation phases that are important for nonrelativisitc neutrinos. We study the phenomenology of relativistic and...
NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment designed to study and measure a wide range of topics for neutrino physics, such as the neutrino mixing parameters, the neutrino mass hierarchy, and CP violation in the lepton sector. A key component of the success of the experiment is a robust understanding of the systematic uncertainties associated with detector response and calibration....
The IsoDAR neutrino source comprises a novel compact cyclotron capable of delivering 10 mA of 60 MeV protons in cw mode and a high-power neutrino production target. It has obtained preliminary approval to run at the new underground facility Yemilab in South Korea. IsoDAR will produce a very pure, isotropic $\bar{\nu}_e$ source, with peak neutrino energy around 6 MeV and endpoint around 15 MeV....
Measuring the solar neutrino flux over gigayear timescales could provide a new window to inform the solar standard model as well as studies of the Earth’s long-term climate. We demonstrate the feasibility of measuring the time evolution of the B8 solar neutrino flux over gigayear timescales using paleo detectors, naturally occurring minerals which record neutrino-induced recoil tracks over...
In this talk, we shall present the latest and tightest cosmological constraints on the neutrino mass scale and the prospects from future surveys. Special attention will be devoted to the interplay between cosmological and laboratory neutrino mass searches, along with the role of neutrinos in solving the present cosmological tensions.
The observation of a non-zero permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of an elementary particle would break both parity and time-reversal symmetries, implying the violation of charge-parity (CP) symmetry under CPT invariance. The Standard Model (SM) predicts subatomic particle EDMs which are so small as to be out of reach of current experiments, such that any observation of a non-zero EDM would...
NEXT (Neutrino Experiment with a Xenon TPC) is an international collaboration with the objective of searching for neutrinoless double beta decay in xenon. After an initial R&D phase in which the TPC technology was developed, it was able to successfully run a small (5 kg of xenon) detector, NEXT-White (2016-2021). The detector was hosted at Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, an underground...
As part of a currently ongoing upgrade to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, seven new strings will be deployed in the central region of the detector to enhance the capability to detect neutrinos in the GeV range. A main science objective of the IceCube Upgrade is to improve the calibration of the IceCube detector as a means of reducing systematic uncertainties related to the optical properties...
NOvA is a long-baseline beam neutrino experiment. It uses the 700 kW NuMI
beam at Fermilab to send muon neutrinos (or muon antineutrinos) to two functionally identical detectors, located 14.6 mrad off the beam axis. The Near Detector is located at Fermilab, and the 14 kton Far Detector is located 810 km away in Ash River, Minnesota. Both the detectors are tracking calorimeters filled with...
The muon g-2/EDM experiment at J-PARC (E34) aims to measure muon g-2 and EDM with a low-emittance muon beam realized by the acceleration of thermal muons. Together with other novel techniques, the experiment measures muon g-2 in a different approach from FNAL. The technical design of the experiment has been completed, and the budget is being requested to start the data taking in 2027. In the...
The Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) is increasingly becoming the chosen technology for current and future precision neutrino oscillation experiments due to its superior capability in particle tracking and energy calorimetry. In LArTPCs, calorimetric information is critical for particle identification, which is the foundation for the neutrino cross-section and oscillation...
Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton liquid scintillator based neutrino experiment, being built in the Guangdong province in Southern China. Its construction is expected to be completed in 2023. The experimental hall is located underground, below a 700 meter rock over-burden, to reduce backgrounds from cosmic rays. JUNO will act as a multipurpose observatory for...
Abstract: The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next generation, long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment which will utilize high-intensity $\nu_{\mu}$ and $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ with peak neutrino energies of ~2.5 GeV produced at Fermilab, over a 1285 km baseline, to carry out a detailed study of neutrino mixing. The neutrino beam has an initial design intensity of 1.2 MW, but...
The detection and cross section measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS) is vital for particle physics, astrophysics and nuclear physics. In 2017，the COHERNET collaboration reported the first observation of CEvNS signal. A new CEvNS detection experiment is under our schedule. Four pure CsI crystals, weight 3kg and coupled with two Photon Multiplier Tubes (PMTs) each,...
Permanent electric dipole moments (EDMs) are excellent probes of physics beyond the Standard Model. Recently, the muon EDM has been of particular interest due to the tensions in the magnetic anomaly of the muon and the electron and hints of lepton-flavor universality violation in B-meson decays. At PSI, we proposed a dedicated muon EDM search experiment using the frozen-spin technique. In this...
The latest results and prospects of searches for heavy neutrinos at the CMS experiment will be presented.
The ENUBET project aims at reducing to 1% the flux related systematics on a narrow band neutrino beam through the monitoring of the associated charged leptons in an instrumented decay tunnel. A key element of the project is the design of a meson transfer line with conventional magnets that maximizes the yield of K$^+$ and $\pi^+$, while minimizing the total length to reduce meson decays in the...
Hadron production measurements are crucial for helping long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments constrain their beam flux uncertainties and improve oscillation measurements. The proton-carbon reaction is of particular importance, as it serves as the primary neutrino-creating reaction for the T2K and NOvA experiments. The NA61/SHINE experiment has made hadron production measurements for...
The Mu2e experiment will search for charge-lepton flavor violating (CLFV) muon to electron conversion. The signal for this process is a monoenergetic electron, and so a precise momentum measurement of the outgoing electron is required in order to reach the target 90% C.L. sensitivity of 8x10^-17. This is achieved in Mu2e using a low-mass cylindrical straw tracker operated in vacuum, consisting...
The nuSTORM facility will provide $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\mu$ beams from the decay of low energy muons confined within a storage ring. The neutrino and anti-neutrino energy distributions will be precisely known. The precision goals of the oscillation program require a realistic modeling of neutrino-nucleus scattering dynamics. nuSTORM can contribute to this effort by providing the ultimate...
The Neutrinos from Stored Muons, nuSTORM, facility has been designed to deliver a definitive neutrino-nucleus scattering programme using neutrino beams from the decay of muons confined within a
storage ring. The facility is unique, it will be capable of storing muon beams of both charges with momentum of between 1 GeV/c and 6 GeV/c and a momentum spread of ±16%. The neutrino beams generated...
Uncertainty of the neutrino-nucleus interaction models is one of the major sources of systematic uncertainty for neutrino oscillation experiments. The NINJA experiment aims to measure the neutrino-nucleus interactions precisely using a nuclear emulsion detector called Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC). The sub-micron spatial resolution and a high sampling rate of the ECC allow us to detect short...
The present global analyses of the available oscillation data still allow $\sin^{2}\theta_{23}=0.5$ at 3$\sigma$ confidence level while, the current best-fit of $\theta_{23}$ strongly suggests $\sin^{2}\theta_{23} \neq 0.5$.Thus, it is imperative to question at what significance maximal 2-3 mixing can be ruled out. We study in great detail the performance of DUNE to establish the deviation...
The ICARUS detector will search for LSND-like neutrino oscillations exposed at shallow depth to the FNAL BNB beam as the far detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program. Cosmic backgrounds rejection is particularly important for the ICARUS detector due to its larger size and distance from neutrino production compared to the near detector SBND. In ICARUS the neutrino signal over...
Current machine concepts developed by Muon Accelerator Program (MAP) for a neutrino factory can be extended to reach the 63~GeV needed for s-channel production of the Higgs boson and beyond, by the addition of one or two RLAs, Envisioned staged approach, assumes a single-pass linac with a combination of 325 and 650 MHz superconducting RF, followed by a Recirculating Linear Accelerator(RLA)...
A detailed understanding of neutrino-nucleus interactions is essential for the precise measurement of neutrino oscillations at long baseline experiments, such as T2K. The T2K near detector complex, designed to constrain the T2K flux and cross section models, also provides a complementary program of neutrino interaction cross-section measurements. Through the use of multiple target materials...
We present our results of tau neutrino events analysis at the Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector in India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). We calculate the tau neutrino interaction with the detector via charged current(CC) interaction over background neutral current (NC) events of neutrinos of all flavors. We find that the presence of tau neutrinos with 10 years exposure at ICAL can be...
The abundance of dark matter in the Universe could be explained by heavy dark matter. Dark matter is expected to be accumulated near the center of massive astrophysical objects, and the decay of it could produce highly energetic neutrinos detectable at Earth with large neutrino telescopes. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic kilometer-scale neutrino telescope located under 1.5 km of...
The Fermilab site can accommodate a Muon Collider at up to 10 TeV center of mass energy. Parameters for Fermilab-based muon colliders are presented. Recent related research on rapid-cycling acceleration, muon cooling, proton sources and targetry is discussed. Compatibility with neutrino sources and neutrino factories is also discussed as well as directions for future research.
NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment primarily designed to measure the muon (anti)neutrino disappearance and electron (anti)neutrino appearance in the off-axis Fermilab NuMI beam. It uses two functionally identical liquid scintillator detectors separated by 810 km and a narrow band beam centered around 2 GeV. Energetic neutral pions produced in $\Delta$ resonance,...
The COMET experiment aims to search for a muon to electron conversion with a single event sensitivity of $3\times10^{-15}$ in its Phase-I in order to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model. In the experiment, a high multiplicity environment is expected around the detector. Many accidental hits may cause a high fake trigger rate that cannot meet the DAQ capability, less than 13 kHz.
To...
The tension between the T2K and NOvA long-baseline experiments arises mostly due to the mismatch in the $\nu_\mu \to \nu_e$ and ${\bar\nu}_\mu \to {\bar\nu}_e$ appearance data. Assuming vacuum oscillation as the reference point, with maximal $\theta_{23}$ and $\delta_{CP} = 0$, we compute the $\nu_e$/${\bar\nu}_e$ appearance events for each of the experiments. T2K observes a large excess in...
T2K is a long baseline neutrino experiment which exploits a neutrino and antineutrino beam produced at the Japan Particle Accelerator Research Centre (JPARC) to provide world-leading measurements of the parameters governing neutrino oscillation. Neutrino oscillations are measured by tuning the neutrino rates and spectra at a near detector complex, located at JPARC, and extrapolate them to the...
The workshop will focus on negotiation and communication skills useful to physics researchers as they navigate their careers, including how to:
- Negotiate a position in academia, industry, or at a national lab
- Interact positively on teams and with a mentor or advisor
- Think tactically
- Enhance personal presence
- Develop alliances
- Achieve professional goals
Starting from the mid-twentieth century, the electron antineutrinos originating from the radioactive β- emitters inside our planet, geoneutrinos, were proposed as a precious tool for exploring the inner Earth. While decaying, 40K and the radioisotopes belonging to 238U and 232Th decay chains release geoneutrinos and energy in a well-fixed ratio. The...
Neutrinos having non-zero mass provide compelling experimental evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) is a violation of space-time symmetry, implying that physical laws are no longer invariant under Lorentz transformations. The possibility of exploring LIV using neutrino oscillation probabilities is appealing. The LIV effect considered here is...
TBD
THIS IS A TEST